An Examination of Contemporary Techniques for Assessing Microbial Load in Milk: A Comprehensive Review

Authors- Professor Dr. Lovelin Jerald A, Ms.Farha Jahan S, Ms.Nandhini S, Ms.Srilakshmi V

Abstract-Milk is a very diverse source of nutrition for people of all age groups. Milk is one of the most commonly consumed food items across the globe but it is highly prone to microbial contamination and spoilage due to its nature and composition. Hence, it becomes crucial to assess the microbiological safety of milk. Conventional techniques like culture and MBRT even though they have been used for a long time, rather require too much of work and time. Modern dairy technology made it possible to enhance the safety of milk through the use of techniques that are more accurate, faster, and reliable as compared to the traditional methods. This paper explores technologies like molecular photocopying (PCR), biosensors and rapid detection techniques including immunoassays and ATP bioluminescence. To determine the effectiveness, cost, and viability of different technologies in ensuring milk quality and safety on modern dairy farms, this paper thus compares the various technologies. This study also identifies the colorimetric analysis as a potential answer to the problem. The device which includes ESP 32( microcontroller) and RGB sensor-TCS 3200(color detector) can identify even the slightest change in the color of the milk due to microbial activity, process the data collected, and display the actual and precise results at the same time. Furthermore, the application of AI/ML learning models in the device enhances the accuracy of the results through a comparison between the acquired.

DOI: /10.61463/ijset.vol.13.issue1.145