Review Part 1: Handwriting Analysis, Forgery And Counterfeiting

Authors: Baraa K. Mohamed, Thamer A. Rehan, Mahmoud A.Hussein, Louay A.l M. Ali, Homam A. Mohammed, Firas H. Abdulrazzak, Ayad F Alkaim, Takialdin A. Himdan

Abstract: Handwriting is a distinctive characteristic of individuals, and has been used for a long time to identify individuals and continues to evolve. This study reviewed the characteristics of handwriting in terms of its advantages, characteristics, and factors influencing writing, including clarity, shape, and drawing, while taking into account the individual characteristics of individuals. Through handwriting characteristics, these characteristics were discussed in order to identify forgery and counterfeiting, which can occur intentionally or unintentionally. The study also included a review of writing characteristics and a comparison with samples diagnosed as forged or altered, with varying degrees of accuracy. The study demonstrated that there are several factors that control the persistence of the same writing style as a distinctive form for individuals. These factors include time and the health status of individuals, which may lead to a forced change in handwriting style.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15805116