Design And Development Of Green Synthesized ZnO Nanoparticles From Banana Peel Waste For Environmental And Energy Solutions

28 Jul
Posted on Author

Authors: Ms. Hirkanya Bhole, Ms. Fiza Pathan, Ms. Nageshwari Sarade, Mr. Bhavesh Thakre, Ms. Sushma Borewar

Abstract: The rapid development of nanotechnology has significantly impacted multiple fields, particularly in environmental and energy-related areas. Among the various nanomaterials, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) have garnered considerable interest due to their strong photocatalytic, antimicrobial, and electrochemical characteristics. However, conventional physical and chemical synthesis methods often rely on hazardous chemicals and require substantial energy inputs, posing risks to both human health and the environment. As a sustainable alternative, green synthesis utilizes natural biological sources as reducing and stabilizing agents, offering an eco-friendly and cost-efficient approach.This review highlights the use of banana peels—an easily available form of agricultural waste—as a promising biological source for the green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles. Rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, polyphenols, and carbohydrates, banana peels facilitate both the reduction and stabilization processes during nanoparticle formation. The resulting ZnO NPs were analyzed using a range of characterization techniques, including UV–Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), which confirmed their nanoscale dimensions, high purity, and structural stability.Furthermore, the review discusses the promising applications of green-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles in environmental remediation, such as wastewater treatment and pollutant degradation, as well as in energy storage systems, including supercapacitors and batteries. By converting low-cost biowaste into functional nanomaterials, this green synthesis approach not only supports sustainable development but also aligns with circular economy principles.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16532572