International Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyAuthors: Perumal Murugan
Abstract: In the evolving landscape of cloud-native technologies, containerization has become a critical pillar for deploying scalable and agile applications. While containers offer efficiency and portability, they also introduce new security challenges that demand innovative detection and response mechanisms. Extended Berkeley Packet Filter (eBPF) technology has emerged as a transformative solution, offering deep observability into kernel-space activity without incurring performance penalties. eBPF-based detection mechanisms enable real-time monitoring of container behavior, allowing security teams to trace system calls, network traffic, and file I/O activities with unmatched granularity. This article provides a comprehensive exploration of container security architecture empowered by eBPF, emphasizing the significance of low-level introspection, telemetry capture, and in-kernel enforcement techniques. The integration of eBPF with modern orchestration platforms like Kubernetes is reshaping the proactive defense model, enabling automated threat hunting and anomaly detection. From identifying malicious workloads to enforcing security policies dynamically, eBPF is helping bridge the gap between runtime protection and compliance enforcement. The paper covers fundamental aspects such as eBPF program structure, common use cases in container security, integration strategies, performance implications, and real-world deployments in enterprise infrastructure. As container adoption accelerates, this article argues that eBPF will be a cornerstone technology in achieving resilient and adaptive security frameworks, facilitating a paradigm shift from reactive measures to proactive protection in dynamic cloud environments.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16751784
