International Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyAuthors: Dhrisya S. Anil, Densil Emmanuel, Gokul Krishna G, Vishnu S, Dr Abhilash S. Vasu
Abstract: Next-generation legged robots are evolving into highly intelligent, adaptable, and resilient systems through the integration of advanced add-on components spanning multiple technological domains. Advanced Sensor Systems such as 3D LiDAR, stereo vision, IMUs, and environmental sensors enable precise perception, mapping, and situational awareness across diverse terrains. Power and Energy Modules, including high-density batteries, supercapacitors, and energy-harvesting systems, ensure extended operational endurance and efficient energy management. AI and Control Add-Ons, like onboard edge processors and reinforcement learning modules, enhance autonomy, adaptive gait control, and real-time decision-making capabilities. Meanwhile, Mechanical and Structural Enhancements—such as compliant joints, soft actuators, and modular leg designs—improve mobility, flexibility, and durability during locomotion. Complementing these are Communication and Networking Modules, including 5G/6G and mesh network radios, which facilitate high-speed data exchange, swarm coordination, and remote teleoperation. Safety and Redundancy Systems, featuring fail-safe controllers, predictive maintenance tools, and collision avoidance sensors, ensure reliability and secure human-robot coexistence. Additionally, Specialized Functional Add-Ons like manipulators, payload mounts, and environmental sampling kits expand the robots mission versatility, while Human–Robot Interface (HRI) Add-Ons, including AR/VR interfaces, voice and gesture recognition, and haptic feedback systems, enable intuitive and immersive interaction. Together, these integrated technologies form a comprehensive framework for developing the next generation of legged robots—capable of autonomous, adaptive, and safe operation in complex real-world environments.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17461921
