Dual Band RF Energy Harvesting System

Authors: Dr. Malini S, Meghamala s, Nived madhu

Abstract: We present a compact dual-band RF energy-harvesting system integrating antenna, matching and rectification techniques from recent studies, enhanced with intelligent monitoring and power management. The proposed architecture operates across two major RF bands—UHF (≈0.9/1.8 GHz) and ISM (2.45/5.8 GHz)—using a dual- resonant antenna and adaptive Pi/T matching network to efficiently capture ambient RF power. A hybrid rectifier design combines a low-threshold CMOS cross-coupled rectifier for UHF signals with a Schottky-diode multiplier stage for ISM signals, improving sensitivity from −20 dBm to 0 dBm. The harvested energy is regulated through an XL6009 DC–DC boost converter, enabling stable output even under fluctuating RF input conditions. An ESP32 microcontroller is incorporated for system control, data logging, and wireless communication, while a 16×4 LCD display provides real-time monitoring of harvested voltage, current and system status. Energy is stored in a low-leakage capacitor and managed through an integrated MPPT-based power controller. Prototype results demonstrate peak PCE of 50–64% and reliable operation for low-power IoT and wearable applications