International Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyAuthors: Putha Sateesh Kumar, Dr. Akash Sexana
Abstract: Cyber security has emerged as a critical concern for India in the backdrop of rapid digitalisation, expanding internet penetration, and increasing reliance on information and communication technologies. The country faces a wide spectrum of cyber threats ranging from financial fraud, data breaches, ransomware, and phishing attacks to sophisticated state-sponsored cyber espionage and attacks on critical information infrastructure. This paper examines the evolving cyber threat landscape in India, analyses the existing legal and policy framework governing cyber security, and evaluates the national response mechanisms established to prevent, detect, and respond to cyber incidents. It highlights the role of key institutions such as CERT-In, the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre, and the National Critical Information Infrastructure Protection Centre. The study also identifies major challenges, including legal gaps, capacity constraints, and low public awareness, and underscores the need for stronger legislation, enhanced institutional coordination, and greater emphasis on cyber resilience to safeguard India’s digital ecosystem.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18182258
