International Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyAuthors: Ishwari Gaikwad, Swapnil Kadam, Pranv Kela, Kalindi Mahajan
Abstract: The rapid expansion of the wireless communication systems has led to an immediate need for small antennas that can provide high performance and reliable operation in the 2.4GHz ISM band which is commonly used in Wi-Fi WLAN and Bluetooth systems. Microstrip patch antennas represent the optimal solution because they deliver compact design advantages and lightweight features and simplified manufacturing processes and printed circuit board compatibility. Conventional antennas however operate with restricted bandwidths which create impedance matching issues that degrade their overall transmission capacity. The study investigates the creation and improvement process of 2.4Ghz microstrip patch antenna through the application of an FR4 substrate and microstrip line feeding system. The key parameters such as patch length, patch width are optimized to enhance bandwidth and overall antenna performance. The simulation results shows that return loss has decreased to a value below -10db and VSWR reaches an acceptable level below 2 while gain operates at the needed resonant frequency. The developed design is suitable for wireless communication devices including Wi-Fi routers, Bluetooth modules and WLAN enabled systems which provide both dependable short-range communication and overall stability.
