Generative AI in Software Development

Authors: Dhanushree K R, Aniket Singh, Associate Professor Dr. V. Sathya

Abstract: Generative AI is transforming software development through code generation, testing, debugging, documentation, and project support. This review examines the evolution, applications, benefits, challenges, and future scope of Generative AI in software engineering.Generative Artificial Intelligence (Generative AI) has emerged as a revolutionary technology that is transforming software development by automating coding tasks, improving productivity, and supporting developers throughout the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), Generative AI enables intelligent code generation, debugging, software testing, documentation, and code review, thereby reducing development time and minimizing human effort. This review paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the role of Generative AI in modern software engineering by examining recent research, industrial applications, and technological advancements. The paper discusses the adoption of AI-powered tools such as GitHub Copilot, ChatGPT, Amazon CodeWhisperer, and Google Gemini, highlighting their contributions to improving software quality and developer efficiency. Furthermore, it explores the key benefits of Generative AI, including enhanced productivity, faster development cycles, improved collaboration, and support for novice programmers. Despite these advantages, several challenges remain, such as data privacy concerns, security vulnerabilities, inaccurate code generation, copyright issues, and ethical considerations associated with AI-generated content. The paper also examines future research directions, including autonomous software engineering, AI-assisted DevOps, personalized coding assistants, and responsible AI governance. Based on an extensive review of recent literature, this study concludes that Generative AI has significant potential to reshape the future of software development when combined with human expertise and robust ethical practices. The findings provide valuable insights for researchers, educators, software professionals, and students interested in understanding the evolving impact of Generative AI on software engineering.