International Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyAuthors: Emmanuel U. Usen, Olamide O. Olusanya, Titilayo A. Kuku
Abstract: The increasing reliance on renewable energy sources such as wind and solar has introduced variability and intermittency into power grids, challenging grid stability. Hybrid Energy Storage Systems (HESS) offer a promising solution by integrating complementary energy storage technologies. This review assesses the synergistic impact of HESS on grid stability and renewable energy integration, highlighting how combinations of technologies like batteries, supercapacitors, flywheels, and compressed air energy storage (CAES) improve response times, frequency regulation, voltage control, load leveling, and peak shaving—essential for reliable grid operations. The review demonstrates how hybrid systems outperform single-technology solutions by enhancing operational flexibility, energy efficiency, and response to power fluctuations. Case studies from various countries illustrate the practical benefits of HESS in renewable grids, including cost savings, improved reliability, and reduced carbon emissions. Additionally, the paper examines the economic and environmental implications of HESS, offering insights into their role in advancing the global transition to sustainable energy. This review critically evaluates performance metrics, technological advancements, and real-world applications, laying a foundation for future research and development in optimizing HESS for grid resilience and renewable energy use.
