Autonomous Drones and Artificial Intelligence: A New ERA of Surveillance and Security Applications

Authors- Okpala Charles Chikwendu, Udu Chukwudi Emeka

Abstract-The integration of autonomous drones with Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing surveillance and security, enhancing monitoring, threat detection, and rapid response capabilities. This study examines the role of AI-driven drones in modern security systems, highlighting their potential to improve situational awareness, reduce human intervention, and optimize operational efficiency. With machine learning algorithms, computer vision, and real-time data analytics, autonomous drones can autonomously detect anomalies, track suspicious activities, and respond to security threats with precision. These advancements are particularly valuable for border security, law enforcement, critical infrastructure monitoring, and disaster response. Despite their benefits, AI-powered drones face challenges such as ethical concerns, privacy issues, regulatory constraints, and cybersecurity risks. This research explores the legal and ethical implications of autonomous surveillance, reviewing current policies and governance to ensure responsible use. It also addresses technical limitations, including power constraints, environmental adaptability, and AI biases in threat assessment, while suggesting solutions to improve reliability and security. Through case studies and analysis of emerging trends, this study provides an evaluation of the evolving role of autonomous drones in security operations. The findings contribute to discussions on responsible AI use, regulatory policies, and future innovations in autonomous surveillance. Ultimately, this research emphasizes the need for a balanced approach that maximizes the benefits of AI-driven drones while addressing their ethical, legal, and technical challenges.

DOI: /10.61463/ijset.vol.13.issue3.138