Closed-Loop Control Systems in Automobiles

Authors- Mazin Mohamed Adam Ibrahim

Abstract-Control is the process of maintaining working conditions inside a prescribed region around a predetermined set point, with a required degree of accuracy and speed. In most control systems, it is necessary to compare the difference of the controlled variable from the set point value (the actual value of the controlled system has been constantly monitored from the set point). Thus, the need to know the change of the controlled system in respect to time, i.e., the differential equation of the control system, is essential. Generally, it may be the first order, second order, or even the nth order system; however, the modelling of the control system has to be determined before one could synthesize an effective control. In the automobile industry, most of the controlled systems used are closed-loop systems, in which the difference between the actuating input and the output of the control system is minimized by feedback control. The feedback control will determine the error between the actual system and the set point, and based on this error, it will try to minimize the impact of disturbance over the system by feeding the output back and comparing the same to the set point. Once the difference has been minimized, the controlled system is said to be stabilized. For any application of the control system in the automobile industry, the following desired characteristics are essential.

DOI: /10.61463/ijset.vol.12.issue6.309