Design and Simulation of Steady State Thermal Analysis of Exhaust Engine Valve

Authors- Mrs. B. Kranthi1, Puli Hari Shankar2, Kadiyala Rupananda Ganesh Kumar3, Ramavath Arun Kumar Naik4, Sai Durga Nishith Medisetti

Abstract-– The design presented in this paper focuses on the design and frequency analysis of two-stage, three-stage, and multistage CMOS operational amplifiers. The study investigates the influence of various parameters on amplifier characteristics, designed with a 5V power supply using C5 process CMOS technology. The key performance parameters include Gain, Phase Margin, Gain Bandwidth, and Slew Rate, analyzed through AC, DC, and transient response simulations. The development process starts at the schematic design phase and continues into simulations to optimize performance metrics. The circuit has been implemented based on a multistage CMOS transistor design. Electric CAD for VLSI version 9.07 has been utilized for circuit schematics, whereas LTSpice is used to run simulations and validate the obtained results. According to literature, various operational amplifier configurations exist that have been typically divided into four types: single-stage, two-stage, three-stage, and multistage amplifiers. Here, special emphasis is put on two-stage and three-stage topologies since these are useful in low-voltage high-performance applications.

DOI: /10.61463/ijset.vol.13.issue2.307