E-Pharmacy Ecosystem

Authors: Rajat Nirwal, Tapanshu Dayal Tyagi, Sambhav Jain, Ankur Kaushik

Abstract: India’s rapidly digitizing healthcare ecosystem presents a significant opportunity for scalable, affordable, and regulation-compliant e-pharmacy platforms. However, current implementations largely focus on transactional commerce rather than regulatory engineering, real-time interaction, and intelligent cost optimization. This paper proposes a compliance-first, modular MERN-stack-based e-pharmacy architecture integrating: • AI-assisted prescription digitization • Real-time WebSocket communication • Intelligent generic drug substitution • Pharmacist-supervised validation workflows • Embedded regulatory governance mechanisms The system aligns with statutory frameworks including the Drugs and Cosmetics Act (1940), Telemedicine Practice Guidelines (2020), and the Digital Personal Data Protection Act (2023). Unlike traditional monolithic e-commerce systems, the proposed model introduces a service-oriented MERN architecture with mathematically modeled substitution logic and hybrid verification pipelines. This research contributes a scalable, regulatorily aligned, AI-integrated blueprint for next-generation Indian digital pharmacy ecosystems.