International Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyAuthors: Kavita Joshi, Tanay Jain, Sarvesh Khade, Jatin Patil
Abstract: The rapid growth in residential electricity consumption has intensified the need for intelligent and efficient energy monitoring and management solutions. Conventional energy meters lack real-time visibility, appliance-level insights, and automated control, leading to inefficient energy usage and increased electricity costs. This review paper presents a comprehensive analysis of IoT-based smart energy monitoring and management systems, focusing on system architectures, sensing technologies, communication protocols, data-processing techniques, and user-interface platforms. A comparative evaluation of existing systems highlights their performance, scalability, cost-effectiveness, and deployment feasibility. Key technical challenges such as data security, sensor calibration, interoperability, and communication reliability are critically discussed. Furthermore, emerging research directions including AI-driven predictive analytics, edge computing, and integration with renewable energy sources are examined. The analysis indicates that IoT-enabled energy monitoring systems significantly enhance energy transparency, reduce wastage, and support sustainable energy practices, making them a crucial component of future smart home and smart grid ecosystems.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20787822
