International Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyAuthors: Abhendra Pratap Singh, Arpit Dwivedi, Shree Bhagwan, Akash Yadav, Shashank Pandey, Nandini Sharma
Abstract: Water scarcity has become one of the leading global problems because of rapid urbanization, population growth, climate change, and increasing need of water for industry purposes. The traditional water management systems usually cannot ensure continuous monitoring, timely detection of leaks, and optimal use of water resources. Therefore, considerable water losses may occur. This review aimed at considering the development of intelligent water management systems which use the technologies of IoT and machine learning. The recent researches were considered and their results were used to estimate the application of the technologies in the areas such as water monitoring, water leak detection, irrigation management, water demand forecasting, water quality assessment, and resource optimization in the context of domestic, agricultural and urban sectors. According to the reviewed literature, the IoT technologies helped to improve real-time data collection and system monitoring while machine learning increased the level of predictive analysis, anomaly detection, automated decision making, and operational efficiency. Moreover, the integration of the mentioned technologies made it possible to decrease water losses and increase sustainability of water resource management. Nevertheless, there are still some limitations in the widespread implementation of those technologies. They include such factors as high cost of installation, insufficient infrastructure, poor data quality, cybersecurity risks, lack of interoperability, and scalability difficulties. Generally, the current review demonstrated the significance of development of the efficient, reliable and affordable smart water management systems capable of providing real-time monitoring, predictive analysis and automation. Solving all the mentioned technical, economical and infrastructural problems will be crucial for water conservation.
DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21702807
