International Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyAuthors: Himadri Sharma
Abstract: Microbial enzymes have become essential biocatalysts in modern biotechnology because of their high specificity, catalytic efficiency, and eco-friendly nature. Enzymes derived from bacteria, fungi, yeast, and actinomycetes are extensively utilized in food processing, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, textiles, detergents, leather, paper, and biofuel industries. Compared to conventional chemical catalysts, microbial enzymes function under mild environmental conditions and reduce industrial pollution. Recent developments in molecular biology, protein engineering, recombinant DNA technology, and fermentation processes have significantly enhanced enzyme production and stability. This review discusses the sources, production methods, classification, industrial applications, advantages, limitations, and future prospects of microbial enzymes in industrial biotechnology.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20426583
