International Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyAuthors: Saravanakumar R, Aishali Datta Chowdhury, Aeindrila Roy, Ananya Rajesh
Abstract: Motorcycle and scooter riders are among the most vulnerable road users because they have little physical protection, limited rear-side awareness, and depend on timely emergency response after a crash. This paper reviews sensor-based Internet of Things (IoT) road-safety systems for powered two-wheelers, covering inertial crash and abnormal-motion detection, alcohol-vapour screening with low-cost gas sensors, blind-spot sensing, communication and alerting, and the detection of sensor and communication faults. It organises the field in a five-category taxonomy, compares the strengths and limits of the main sensing technologies, and examines recent patent filings to show how these functions are being combined in practice. The analysis points to recurring gaps: single-function designs, fixed thresholds, little reported validation, and few checks on whether the sensors and links themselves are working. To address these gaps, the paper proposes a conceptual fault-aware multisensor framework that validates data, confirms events using several conditions, and classifies sensor, communication and data-consistency faults before raising an alert. The framework has not yet been validated experimentally; a test protocol and open research problems are outlined.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23338186
