International Journal of Science, Engineering and TechnologyAuthors: V. Balakrishnan, S. Boobalan, R. Karthikraja, Mr. P. Sridhar
Abstract: Short circuit faults in electrical distribution lines result in excessive current flow, equipment damage, safety hazards and prolonged power outages if not detected and reported promptly. This paper presents a short circuit fault detection and automated reporting system for power utilities using an STM32 based control system and LoRa communication technology. Line current is continuously monitored using an ACS712 current sensor and the controller analyzes the sensed data to identify abnormal current conditions indicative of a short circuit fault. Upon fault detection, a solid state relay is activated to isolate the affected section of the distribution line, thereby preventing further damage. Simultaneously, fault information is transmitted wirelessly through a LoRa (SX1278) module to the utility monitoring unit. The received data is processed and the fault status is displayed to enable rapid maintenance action. The proposed system reduces fault detection time, minimizes manual inspection and enhances the reliability and safety of modern power distribution networks.
