Volume 13 Issue 5 | International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology

Seismic Behaviour of Structure by Using TMD Technique: A review

Authors: Sujata D. Ingale, Priyanka S. Taware

Abstract: This paper presents a new real-time trajectory planning method for mobile robot in random obstacles environment, aiming to give an efficient implementation for “First Global After Local” trajectory planning method that we have established earlier. First, the global path planning method is employed the target direction angle tracking modeling. Then, the recursive algorithm is used for the evaluation of sub-target point. Finally, the swarm intelligence optimization is utilized for the local trajectory planning method. The real-time trajectory planning system is built and tested on the mobile robot platform, the experimental results prove that our method is effective and can be used in the real-time trajectory planning of mobile robots.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17184477

ASRL: Alternating Supervised And Reinforcement Learning For Efficient Small Language Model Training With Live Datasets

Authors: Ouissam Drissi

Abstract: Look, here's the thing – training small language models to think properly is hard. Really hard. Especially when you're working with just 600 million parameters and need them to follow a specific format while actually being smart about it. I've been there – you try pure reinforcement learning and your model outputs garbage for the first 10 epochs. You try supervised learning and it just memorizes without understanding. So I built something different. ASRL (Alternating Supervised-Reinforcement Learning) switches between supervised fine-tuning and GRPO within each epoch. Not after completing all supervised training. Not as separate phases. Every. Single. Epoch. First the model learns from your actual examples, then it explores variations through RL. Rinse and repeat. The results? My 0.6B parameter model learned my custom and thinking format in 3 epochs instead of 12. It handles new data as it arrives without restarting training. And it actually understands what it's doing instead of just pattern matching. This isn't some theoretical framework – I built this because I needed it. My training data grows by 200 examples per hour, I have strict formatting requirements, and I'm running on limited hardware. Traditional methods failed me. ASRL didn't.

Network Intrusion Detection Using Machine Learning: A Comparative Study of Logistic Regression, KNN, and Random Forest

Authors: Tejashree H Y, Komala R

Abstract: Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS) play a critical role in defending networks against unauthorized access and cyber threats. This paper presents a real-time, web-enabled NIDS built using machine learning techniques to effectively identify and categorize network-based attacks. The system is trained on the NSL-KDD dataset, a refined alternative to earlier datasets, addressing issues like redundancy and class imbalance. We implement and evaluate three supervised learning algorithms—Logistic Regression, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Random Forest. The workflow includes comprehensive preprocessing, class balancing, and hyperparameter tuning via grid search with cross-validation. Among the models tested, Random Forest achieved the highest detection performance, showing excellent accuracy with minimal false positives. While KNN also produced reliable results, it was comparatively slower. Logistic Regression delivered quick and interpretable outcomes but struggled with complex intrusion patterns. This work contributes a practical, browser-accessible NIDS platform that brings together machine learning capabilities and real- time threat detection.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17163828

PLANTPAL – A self watering plants system

Authors: Anurag Rai, Garvish Jain, Krrish Parmar, Prashant Prasad, Prof. Salman MohammedHanif Buddha

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17164378

Exploration Of Thought Spigettification And Cognitive Deformation Around A Kerr-Type Singularity: A Theoretic Quantum–Field Model For Schizophrenia And Dissociative Identity Disorder

Authors: Patrick James McKenna Jr., Andres Barahona Contreras

Abstract: We introduce thought spigettification, a speculative quantum–field–theoretic model mapping extreme stress responses in neuronal microtubule networks to Kerr-analogue spacetime defor- mations. A mental Hilbert space of coherent microtubule “qubits” couples to three scalar fields—BraeQuintessence, BraeHiggs, and the Standard Model Higgs—producing a deformation operator D(r, θ) that stretches and reconfigures mental superpositions. Positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia arise as over-amplified and suppressed eigenmodes; dissociative iden- tity disorder emerges from metastable multi–well potentials. We formalize emotional eigenval- ues, derive coupled field equations, analyze stability regimes, and propose electrophysiological and imaging biomarkers. Finally, we outline therapeutic “despigettification” via inversion of scalar–field dynamics.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17165472

Crime Rate Prediction And Analysis System

Authors: Asst. Prof. Ami Rasiklal Tank, Shivam Bhart, Sanyam Shah, Shreyanshu Das, Subendu Dubey

Abstract: The increase in data and improvements in machine learning (ML) offer a unique opportunity for public safety functions. This paper presents a review of a Crime Rate Prediction and Analysis System that utilizes government crime data to visualize and predict trends, classify geographical areas, and provide tools for public-facing use. The system is unique because it uses a well-defined, highly functional and well-designed web application, alongside a robust ML backend. The web application contains an interactive, and profile-based, color-coded map, that ranks the severity of crime in districts based on their total IPC crimes, allows for dynamic filtering of crime type, and the ability to search by district. The system also possesses an "AI Suggest" button, a critical, innovative, and unique feature which moves beyond analytical reporting and provides personalized, context-specific recommendations for public safety, thus improving public awareness. This review discusses the system's architecture, uses as both an operational mechanism for law enforcement decision making, and for citizen engagement, ethical concerns around predictive policing, and suggests next steps for deploying this kind of technology. One of the key and innovative features of this system, is the "AI Suggest" module, which goes beyond traditional analytical reports, and produces personalized, context-specific and, tailored safety recommendations for the public, thus bridging the gap between publicly available data, and actionable public knowledge. This review explores the dual-value proposition of the system as a decision-support system for law enforcement agencies (LEAs) to maximize resource allocation, patrol routes, and operational planning, as well as providing transparency for the citizens with personalized risk assessment and safety recommendations. In addition, this paper discusses considerations inherent in such systems, including a rigorous examination of the significant ethical implications that accompany such systems, such as algorithmic bias amplification, data integrity, and societal impacts, as well as ways to ensure ethical mitigation of these effects. Ultimately, this review contends that the system is a meaningful step forward in predictive policing technology, as it has the potential to create a more collaborative, informed, and proactive approach to urban public safety if it is implemented with strict ethical responsibility and oversight.

Guarding Minds: Addressing LLM Hallucinations For Reliable School Education

Authors: Atharva Birthare

Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have rapidly permeated educational spaces, offering tools for lesson preparation, doubt clarification, and content generation. However, their tendency to hallucinate—producing confident but inaccurate, irrelevant, or fabricated information—poses critical challenges for both teachers and students. This study employs assumed survey data from 120 teachers and 300 students to analyze awareness, trust, and coping strategies regarding hallucinations. The results highlight a significant awareness gap between teachers and students, with students more vulnerable to unverified reliance on LLMs. Four types of hallucinations—factual, intrinsic, extrinsic, and amalgamated—are discussed, along with practical mitigation strategies suitable for classroom contexts. This paper also provides graphical representations of awareness, trust, and coping strategies and concludes with recommendations for hallucination-aware pedagogy and future research directions.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17174185

STUDY ON BRAKING BY CONTROLLING THE PULSE WIDTH OF STEP MOTOR

Authors: Jong Hon Pae, Myong Chol Tokgo

DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17174674

Block Bazaar: NFT And Smart Contract Driven E-Commerce Platform

Authors: Rekha Parashuram Pujari, Akshitha Katkeri, Pallavi C V, Namitha R, Pratyusha C

Abstract: BlockBazaar is this new decentralized marketplace thing that mixes NFT trading with regular e-commerce stuff. It runs on Ethereum smart contracts and has live auctions that work across different devices. You log in using MetaMask wallets, which keeps things pretty secure from the start. Access levels depend on your role in the system, you know how that goes.The security side uses hardened smart contract patterns to block common attacks like reentrancy issues or front- running scams. Every transaction gets recorded publicly through blockchain explorers, so there's full visibility into what's happening. The whole setup cuts out a lot of traditional cloud services while keeping user privacy tight. Testing shows these decentralized platforms can actually handle enterprise-grade security requirements without slowing things down. Response times stay quick even during peak usage, which matters for real-world shopping scenarios. Users get familiar interfaces that don't sacrifice blockchain's core benefits like permanent records and trustless transactions. The key takeaway here is that hybrid systems can bridge Web3 tech with conventional e-commerce needs effectively. Performance metrics match centralized competitors while maintaining cryptographic proof of ownership for digital assets.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17175762

Evolution Of Consumer Rights And Awareness In India: 1986–2025

Authors: Dr.S.Archana, Dr. S. Tamilmani

Abstract: Consumer rights and awareness have undergone a significant transformation in India over the past four decades. From the enactment of the Consumer Protection Act in 1986 to the emergence of digital commerce and online marketplaces, consumers today are more informed, empowered, and vigilant. This review synthesizes studies from 1986 to 2025, with a focus on consumer awareness, grievance redressal mechanisms, purchasing behavior, and the impact of technological and macroeconomic changes. Drawing upon empirical studies, surveys, and case analyses, this paper traces the evolution of consumer knowledge, perception, and rights advocacy in India, highlighting the critical role of education, legislation, and digital platforms in shaping contemporary consumer behavior.

The Evolution And Progress Of Co-operative Tourism, Travel And Hospitality In India

Authors: Dr.Muhammed Anas .B, Dr. V. Basil Hans, Dr. Sajimon PP

Abstract: Tourism in India has changed a lot from ancient times, and now it is an important part of the country's economic and cultural diplomacy. This article looks at the history of tourism in India, starting with pilgrimage-based travel in ancient and mediaeval times, moving on to the colonial impact on infrastructure development, and ending with the government's strategic efforts after independence to promote tourism as a sector of national importance. The study emphasises significant phases in the development of Indian tourism, encompassing the liberalisation policies of the 1990s, the emergence of specialised tourism sectors such as eco-tourism, medical tourism, and spiritual tourism, and the incorporation of digital technologies in the 21st century. It also looks at the problems the business is having, such as gaps in infrastructure, environmental issues, and the effects of global crises like the COVID-19 epidemic. This article gives a full picture of how tourism in India has changed and grown throughout time. It looks at changes in legislation, market trends, and social and cultural factors to do this. It also talks about how tourism could be a driver of inclusive and sustainable growth in the future.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17182024

Green Innovation: Leveraging Convolutional Neural Networks For Enhanced Biogas Production From Hybrid Napier Grass And Co-Digestion Processes

Authors: Salman Zafar, Srinivas Kasulla, S J Malik, Gaurav Kathpal, Anjani Yadav

Abstract: Optimal biogas production remains a critical step in increasing renewable energy output from biomass resources. Hybrid Napier Grass is one of the promising substrates to produce biogas, mainly due to its high yield potential and adaptability, though achieving optimal output in this case still lags due to the variability of substrates, nutrient imbalance problems, and the complexity of co-digestion processes of various materials such as cattle slurry and chicken manure. For the first time in this study, CNN will be used as an optimization approach to condition anaerobic digestion, in which parameters are tuned in real-time to get the maximum yields of biogas. With an exhaustively prepared dataset of the Napier Grass and its co-substrates, CNN models are developed for inferring substrate composition, moisture, and nutrient ratios in real-time. Some key findings from the experimental results include: Accuracy of the CNN model reaches 100% on training data by about epoch 9, but the validation accuracy plateaued at 83.33%, which is overfitting, capturing of training-specific noise-affecting generalization to unseen data. Validation accuracy and loss stabilize around epoch ranges 10-20, but the training loss continued to decrease, demonstrating the power of the CNN in learning the training data. The validation loss of the model was also improving gradually but at a diminishing rate, which indicated some generalization of the current architecture of the dataset. This work can stand as a testament for unlocking optimization through CNNs in biogas production processes; this research has already shown an increase up to 20% more than conventional methods. Of course, further refinements will be needed for generalization purposes, but the AI-driven approach represents a significant advance in optimization and supports scalable and sustainable biogas development in bioenergy. This proposed CNN model was theoretically efficient and superior as far as classification accuracy in predicting biogas production was concerned, with an accuracy of 83.33% with consistent improvement across training rounds and moderate time complexity compared to the traditional models discussed above; thus, it will become a competitive tool for optimizing process parameters and improving the operational decisions to maximize biogas yield.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17190005

How Global Conflicts Shape Consumer Behavior : A Marketing Study Of The Russia-Ukraine War

Authors: Devansh Dubey

Abstract: Armed conflicts not only reshape geopolitics but also alter consumer decision-making, loyalty, and market dynamics. The Russia–Ukraine war (2022–present) created one of the largest modern disruptions in consumer markets, as more than 1,000 multinational corporations—including globally recognized names such as McDonald’s, Starbucks, Coca-Cola, Nike, and IKEA—suspended or terminated operations in Russia. This mass withdrawal effectively transformed Russia into a live case study of forced market adaptation, as everyday consumption habits were abruptly destabilized. This paper examines how Russian consumers responded to the disappearance of these global brands, with attention to substitution choices, price-versus-prestige trade-offs, and the growth of local and Asian alternatives. Drawing on secondary data from Statista, Euromonitor, Reuters, and Yale CELI, the study traces shifts in consumer sentiment, market shares, and purchasing priorities across the fast-food, retail, apparel, and beverage sectors. Findings reveal that consumer loyalty, traditionally considered durable, was highly elastic under geopolitical pressure. Russian consumers largely prioritized functionality and affordability, enabling domestic firms such as Vkusno i Tochka and Chernogolovka, as well as Chinese apparel and electronics brands, to expand rapidly. Although nostalgia for Western products persisted, pragmatic needs outweighed symbolic attachments. The study underscores the importance of adaptive strategies for marketers, showing that crises demand localization, resilient supply chains, and flexible brand positioning. For multinationals, the Russian case highlights the risks of overdependence on politically sensitive markets, while domestic players benefited from opportunities to build loyalty during a period of forced transition. Key findings of consumer behavior adaptation in Russia during the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Source: Compiled by author using secondary data from Statista(2023), Reuters(2022) and Euromonitor(2022).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17191630

Tragage: A Web-Based Garage Management And Real-Time Vehicle Tracking System

Authors: Baraiya Kishan, Ritesh Tiwari, Pritesh Tadvi, Yash Tailor, Dr. Nithiya A.

Abstract: Modern garages require comprehensive digital so- lutions to manage vehicles, parts, service workflows, and cus- tomer communication. This paper presents Tragage — a web- based garage management platform with real-time vehicle track- ing, parts inventory management, service scheduling, and a 3D interactive garage visualization. The system integrates a React/Three.js frontend, Node.js/Express backend, WebSocket- based real-time updates, and a relational/non-relational database. We describe system design, implementation details, testing, and evaluation. Placeholders for screenshots and diagrams are in- cluded so you can insert your project images directly. The pro- totype demonstrates improved operational transparency, faster service flow, and enhanced customer satisfaction.

Game Engines And Real-Time Rendering: The Future Of Virtual Worlds

Authors: George Malaperdas

Abstract: Game engines and real-time rendering technologies have revolutionized the way virtual worlds are created, experienced, and distributed. Once limited to video game development, these tools now extend into fields such as film production, architecture, education, and interactive art. Real-time rendering enables dynamic and immersive environments, providing users with responsive experiences that shape the future of digital storytelling and simulation. This paper explores the evolution of game engines, the role of real-time rendering, and their implications for the future of virtual environments, highlighting both challenges and opportunities for creative industries.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17198863

Legal Awareness as A Tool for Empowerment: A Cross-Sectional Study of Graduate Students in Chandigarh

Authors: Dr. Upasna Thapliyal, Dr. Rajni Thakur

Abstract: Legal literacy and awareness are crucial components of democratic participation, access to justice, and youth empowerment. This study investigates the level of legal knowledge, attitudes toward legal institutions, and practices adopted by graduate students in Chandigarh, a city known for its strong educational base. Using a cross-sectional design, data were collected from a stratified random sample of 1,000 students across disciplines and gender through a structured questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including Chi-square tests, t-tests, ANOVA, and multiple regression, were employed to analyze the data. Findings reveal that while students exhibit moderate legal knowledge (mean score: 58.6/100), significant disciplinary differences persist, with law students outperforming others. Gender differences were evident in awareness of gender-specific laws, though not in overall scores. Regression analysis identified discipline and prior exposure to legal workshops as key predictors of legal literacy. The results highlight a gap between rights awareness and procedural competence, emphasizing the need for curriculum integration, legal-aid initiatives, and gender-sensitive programs. By enhancing legal literacy, higher education institutions can strengthen civic participation and empower youth to engage effectively with legal systems, thereby contributing to a more informed and just society.

Architectural Ornamentation Of The Sidi Kacem Al-Jellizi Monument

Authors: Wided Melliti, Sabrina Ghattas

Abstract: The Mausoleum of Sidi Kacem Al-Jallizi is a Tunisian historical and archaeological monument distinguished by the richness of its decorative surfaces and the presence of a ceramic tile collection spanning from the 15th to the 19th century. Through a typological and chronological analysis, this article aims to shed light on the evolution of decorative techniques and the heritage-related challenges posed by successive restoration campaigns. It also seeks to identify Hispano-Moorish influences, the persistence of Hafsid traditions, and the emergence of Ottoman art during a later period.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17200315

Investigation Into The Mechanical Properties Of Concrete Using Steel Fiber And Marble Dust With Partially Replacing Fine Aggregate

Authors: Prof. Boskee Sharma, Deepak Kumar Mishra

Abstract: The appropriateness of fiber-reinforced concrete by partially substituting steel fiber and marble dust powder is reviewed in this research. Concrete is one of the most important and widely utilized materials in the building industry. Marble dust powder MDP was a waste product from the marble industry that would harm the environment if it wasn't disposed of properly.The project's objective is to replace fine aggregate with marble dust powder. The addition of marble dust powder to concrete was done without compromising the material's mechanical qualities. Furthermore, steel fibers were included to improve the concrete's mechanical qualities.were examined in relation to different moisture contents and grades.

Improvement The Heat Transfer Rate Of Ac Evaporator By Optimizing Materials

Authors: Ranu Parste, Deepak Solanki

Abstract: Enhancing the heat transfer rate of air conditioning (AC) evaporators is a key objective in advancing energy-efficient thermal systems. This study investigates the optimization of evaporator material selection to improve thermal performance using a Genetic Algorithm (GA)-based approach. Traditional materials like copper and aluminum are evaluated alongside advanced composites and coatings based on criteria such as thermal conductivity, cost, weight, and corrosion resistance. The Genetic Algorithm is employed to identify the optimal material configuration that maximizes heat transfer while minimizing trade-offs. Simulation results demonstrate that GA effectively converges on optimal solutions, offering a 10–20% improvement in heat transfer performance over conventional materials. The integration of GA in material selection not only enhances evaporator efficiency but also provides a scalable method for intelligent design in HVAC systems. This research highlights the potential of evolutionary algorithms in solving complex multi-parameter engineering problems in thermal system optimization.

A Literature Review On Al₂O₃-Reinforced Epoxy Composites

Authors: Arun Patel, Dharmendra Kumar Tikle, Dr Rajeev Arya

Abstract: Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃) has emerged as a prominent filler in polymer composites, enhancing mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties. This review critically examines recent research on Al₂O₃-reinforced epoxy, thermoplastic, and hybrid composites, with particular emphasis on particle modification, dispersion, and interfacial compatibility. Mechanical properties, including tensile, flexural, and impact strength, are analyzed alongside thermal conductivity, thermal stability, and glass transition temperature. Functionalization of Al₂O₃ particles, such as silane treatment or hybridization with graphene oxide, significantly improves filler-matrix adhesion, optimizing both stiffness and toughness. The review highlights the trade-offs between enhanced thermal performance and reduced ductility at higher filler loadings. Advances in fabrication methods, including melt compounding, hand lay-up, and bio-inspired approaches, are summarized. This work provides a comprehensive reference for researchers seeking to design high-performance Al₂O₃ polymer composites for structural, thermal management, and electronic applications.

BURNOUT OF SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN RELATION TO THEIR JOB SATISFACTION

Authors: Dr. Sarmistha Choudhury, Sohail M Sangma

Abstract: Teaching at the secondary school level demands not only subject expertise but also sustained emotional engagement and adaptability in the face of diverse classroom challenges. These demands, coupled with institutional pressures, can contribute to a state of professional burnout is a phenomenon characterized by emotional weariness, depersonalization, and diminished sense of personal achievement. Such experiences may, in turn, influence how teachers perceive their work, shaping their overall sense of job satisfaction. This study investigates the rate of burnout among secondary school educators and explores patterns in their levels of job satisfaction. Further, it investigates how these two variables interact, providing insight into whether and to what extent burnout impacts teachers’ professional contentment. Using standardized measures — the Teachers’ Burnout Scale (TBS) by Prof. Madhu Gupta & Ms. Surekha Rani (2011) and the Teachers’ Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (TJSQ) by Dr. Amar Singh & Dr. T.R. Sharma (1999) — data were collected from a representative sample of educators. The analysis offers a profound understanding of the emotional and motivational dynamics within profession of teaching with implications for policy and practice aimed at enhancing teacher well-being and effectiveness

Future-Proof: Thriving In The 21st Century Workforce Future-Proof: The Hottest Careers Of The 21st Century A Strategic Guide To Thriving In The Global Workforce

Authors: Dr Prince Blessing Lawal

Abstract: In an era defined by rapid technological evolution, shifting global priorities, and the rise of ethical governance, the 21st-century workforce demands a recalibration of career trajectories. This paper explores the concept of “future-proof” careers—professions that demonstrate resilience, adaptability, and sustained relevance amidst socio-economic disruptions and digital transformation. Drawing upon interdisciplinary research, global employment trends, and Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) frameworks, the study identifies key sectors poised for long-term growth, including ethical leadership, artificial intelligence, climate innovation, symbolic literacy, and inclusive education. It further examines the cultural and institutional imperatives that shape career viability, offering strategic insights for educators, policymakers, and aspiring professionals. By mapping the intersection of purpose, technology, and global impact, this paper serves as a ceremonial guide for navigating the hottest careers of the century with clarity, compassion, and foresight.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17208157

Future-Proof: The Hottest Careers of the 21st Century

Authors: Dr Prince Blessing Lawal

DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17208157

GrowthKAR: Outsourcing Services Platform

Authors: Asst. Prof. Khyati Zalawadia, Meet Jethwa, Shivang Meghnathi, Chetan Sharma, Besta Bharath

Abstract: Startups and small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs) play a critical role in global economic growth. However, they frequently face challenges related to scalability, operational inefficiency, accountability, and limited access to investors. Ex- isting freelancing platforms such as Upwork and Fiverr focus on flexibility but lack accountability, while consulting firms like Accenture provide reliability but at unaffordable costs. To address this gap, this paper proposes GrowthKAR, a unified outsourcing services platform designed specifically for star- tups and SMEs. The platform integrates AI-driven project monitoring, blockchain-enabled payment systems, and a pool of vetted professionals to ensure transparency, accountability, and scalability. GrowthKAR supports startups throughout their growth journey by offering tools for project execution, progress tracking, and mentorship access. A case study demonstrates cost savings of up to 30 percent, improved delivery timelines, and enhanced accountability compared to existing platforms. This work contributes a scalable model that merges affordability and accountability, empowering SMEs to compete more effectively in a dynamic global market.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17212995

Marketing Metamorphosis: Bridging Traditional And Digital Sales Strategies In The Tech-Driven Age

Authors: Dr. Srinivasan Gopal Chari

Abstract: From the billboard to the byte, from the handshake to the hyperlink, marketing has changed drastically in the vast theater of 21st-century business. This research article explores the dynamic juxtaposition and convergence of conventional and digital marketing and sales techniques, therefore highlighting the tectonic changes in customer involvement, campaign orchestration, and technology mediation. Influencer marketing, CRM automation, and influencer marketing as business ecosystems migrate from the analog inertia of print advertisements and field sales into the turbulent digital storm of AI-driven analytics necessitate not just adaptation but also change from the toolset perspective. This study seeks to outline the philosophical undercurrents, historical background, and technical progress that have collectively rewritten the marketing playbook, therefore acting as a compass for contemporary professionals—an intellectual ready reckoner. In its golden age, traditional marketing depended on wide brushstrokes—mass communications across stationary media like print, radio, and television. Designed to mesmerize the collective consciousness, the campaign was monologic, one-directional. Newspapers column inches, the famous tagline, the television jingle—they were the currency of credibility. Their philosophy rested on emotional resonance, persuasion, and aspirational identity. These approaches were sometimes castles constructed on sand—grand in intention but precarious in responsibility—limited capacity for feedback, and measures based more on intuition than evidence.

Novel Approach To Implementation Of Channel Estimation In 6g Spectrum By Using Noma And Artificial Intelligence Hybrid Technique

Authors: Ajay Damor, Dr Nidhi Tiwari, Professor Madhavi S Bhanwar

Abstract: The emergence of sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks demands highly efficient spectrum utilization and robust communication strategies to support ultra-reliable, low-latency, and high-capacity services. One of the critical challenges in 6G is accurate channel estimation, especially in dense user environments where spectrum resources are limited. This paper proposes a novel hybrid approach for channel estimation that integrates Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) with Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven algorithms. The NOMA framework enables simultaneous multi-user transmission within the same spectrum band, thereby enhancing spectral efficiency, while the AI-based module leverages deep learning and reinforcement learning models to perform adaptive and dynamic channel estimation under varying propagation conditions. The proposed methodology not only minimizes estimation errors but also reduces computational complexity compared to conventional estimation methods. Simulation results demonstrate significant improvements in spectral efficiency, bit error rate, and overall system throughput, validating the potential of the AI–NOMA hybrid approach for next-generation wireless networks. This work highlights the importance of intelligent channel estimation techniques in realizing the performance requirements of 6G communication systems.

Making Big Changes Stick: How A Supermarket Handled Smart Technology And Kept People Happy

Authors: MD Juman Hussan

Abstract: This paper looks at how a big Australian supermarket, Woolworths, put new smart technology (AI) into its business. We wanted to see if they followed the right steps to manage this big change. The move to use AI in things like checking stock and talking to customers (like with their chatbot, 'Olive') is a huge deal. This study uses common ideas like Kotter’s eight-step change model to see where the company did well and where they struggled. We also use the Organisational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) idea and The Communication Diagnostic concept to check on the company's team spirit and how they talked about the changes. We found that while the smart systems made things faster and sales grew (like their online sales hitting 5.1 billion), the communication with warehouse teams caused problems, leading to disagreements. This shows that even the cleverest systems need simple, clear human leadership and a team culture that wants to learn new things (a growth mindset) to truly work well.

Water Quality Assessment of Chambal River by Using Multivariate Statistical Methods

Authors: Prateek Srivastava

Abstract: The present investigation assessed the spatiotemporal variation in the surface water quality at 27 monitoring stations on the ChambalRiver with the aid of multivariate statistics, and categorized the river stretch from least to heavily polluted utilizing the Water Quality Index (WQI). The WQI unveiled a distinct pollution spectrum in the river, while cluster analysis (CA) grouped the stations according and water chemical similarities due to various stressors.A clear gradient of organic pollution and nutrient enrichment has been identified as the key drivers of the aquatic disturbance. WQI, CA, and PCA collectively provided an efficient framework for differentiating pollution levels and sources, underscoring the necessity of targeted monitoring and management to safeguard aquatic environments.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17231081

Testing Sustainable Material For Aerospace Application

Authors: Jagadeep Thota, Ellyssa Purdy

Abstract: Aerospace vehicles, such as a rocket, need to be light weight. They carry heavy payloads and critical flight instrumentation (avionics) which need to be protected. Typically, aerospace vehicles contain single use parts, some of which may be made of even nylon and polystyrene, that are not environmentally friendly. Such materials can harm soils and the ecosystems upon disposal. This paper looks at replacing some of these aerospace vehicle parts, mainly the parts protecting the rocket avionics, by a sustainable biodegradable material. This study looks at the performance of the rocket avionics when enclosed by such sustainable material. The work presented in this paper involves utilizing computer-aided design (CAD) modeling coupled with numerical flight simulation. The aerospace vehicle, with the sustainable material parts, is flight tested.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17231851

Advanced AI Framework For Robust Fault Diagnosis In Industrial Systems

Authors: Dr. Ishaan Tamhankar

Abstract: The paper proposes a novel advanced AI framework for robust fault diagnosis in industrial systems that experience missing data in sensor measurements. The approach integrates Diffusion Model-based Imputation, Multi-Path Transformer-Graph Neural Network (MPT-GNN), and Uncertainty-Aware Federated Learning (UA-FL) to restore missing sensor readings, enhance fault detection accuracy, and preserve data privacy across distributed industrial environments. The framework combines short-term temporal convolutional networks, Transformers for long-term analysis, and GNNs for inter-sensor connectivity, resulting in improved precision and interpretability of fault diagnosis. Additionally, Bayesian Neural Networks are incorporated for reliable uncertainty estimation, while Elastic Weight Consolidation provides memory-efficient edge device deployment. Experimental results demonstrate fault detection accuracy of up to 98.7% on industrial machinery datasets, minimizing the impact of missing data and facilitating real-time, scalable, and robust deployment of industrial AI systems for predictive maintenance applications.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17248679

Sustaining Himalayan Springs Amidst The Emerging Water Crisis

Authors: Prateek Srivastava, Sandeep Dubey, Shriyanshi Singh

Abstract: The significance of spring water is fundamentally integral to the livelihood of the Himalayan population. Springs are the chief providers of drinking water for households, agricultural, and industrial applications, especially in the Himalayan region, and contribute to the ecological richness and ecosystems in the Himalayas. Despite their crucial significance, springs continue to attract minimal attention. Over the last couple of decades, a noticeable drop of about 60% in low-discharge springs has been documented. With the escalation of population growth, relentless climate change, and rapid urbanization, springs face several significant threats to their survival. There is growing evidence that the springs of the Himalayas are experiencing desiccation, a reduction in discharge, and deterioration in water quality. In the Himalayan territories, springs hold significant importance in the context of cultural and religious beliefs. They are considered purest form of water and are frequently associated with different gods, rituals, and mythologies. These springs were regarded as sacred due to their intrinsic connections to regional deities and rituals of worshipping water. Heat, glacial melting and rainfall patterns are the anticipated alterations that are projected to influence the quality & quantity of water substantially. Springs rejuvenation could offer a climate-adaptive approach benefiting the Himalayan ecosystems and livelihoods, improve water accessibility, and help to accomplish any of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Spring-shed management based on aquifer systems combines scientific knowledge, community participation and collaborative partnerships in springs revival, thereby generating policy attention on spring water across the region.

DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17241706

Legal and Ethical Aspect of Professional Development in Nursing

Authors: Umeh Elizabeth Egodu

Abstract: Permitting a new driver to get behind the wheel of a car requires the driver to know the laws governing driving; however, the laws do not tell the whole story. For example, what is a driver to do when entering an unprotected intersection? What governs the driver’s movement into the intersection? How does the driver account for the weather, vehicle, and road condition? What is the driver’s knowledge and experience level? Any new driver needs guidance or rules to manage the inherent risks. Inherent risk is also a part of nursing. Patients are ill; medications and treatments have benefits and adverse effects; clinical situations are undetermined, open ended, and highly variable Providing nursing care sometimes feels like the new driver navigating that unprotected intersection. As with the new driver, education and standards provided by laws and regulations designed to protect the public provide guidance in nursing practice. Nursing requires specialized knowledge, skill, and independent decision making. The practice of nursing ivolves behaviour, attitude and judgement, and physical and sensory capabilities in the application of knowledge, skills, and abilities for the benefit of the client. Nursing careers take widely divergent paths – practice focus varies by setting, by types of clients, by different disease, therapeutic approach or level of rehabilitation. Burses work at all points of service in the health care system (sheets, 1996).

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17248256

Digital Assessment And Evaluation In Modern Educational Landscape

Authors: Umeh Elizabeth Egodu

Abstract: Digital assessment refers to the use of technology to create, administer and evaluate assessments online, offering benefits like immediate feedback and data analysis. For nursing, this involves utilizing digital resources like learning management systems, online databases, and simulation software, etc It enhances learning by providing flexible, accessible, and interactive evaluation methods that cater to diverse student needs. This method allows educators to conduct assessments online, providing immediate feedback, thereby enhancing the learning experience.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17248418

UrbanSync – Real Time Public Transport Tracking System

Authors: Mr. Atharv Antaram Gavali, Ms. Antara Sandip Hire, Ms. Arpita Shankar Gaikwad, Ms. Shruti Ramesh Mandale, Mrs. R. V. Shinde (Guide)

Abstract: Public transport is essential for mobility, especially in small and developing cities with limited private transport options. However, issues like unpredictable bus arrivals, long wait times, poor route information, and lack of real-time updates undermine its reliability and efficiency. This project proposes a Real-Time Public Transport Tracking System using GPS, mobile apps, and cloud-based data management. The system tracks the live location of public vehicles and provides updates via a passenger mobile app and display boards at bus stops. Commuters can view estimated arrival times (ETA), select optimal routes, and receive alerts on delays or route changes. Transport authorities benefit from backend monitoring, enabling real-time tracking, data-driven scheduling, and improved resource allocation. The system aims to reduce wait times, enhance commuter convenience, and increase public transport adoption. In the long term, it supports traffic decongestion and promotes sustainable urban mobility.

Ecosphere(E-commerce Site For Plants)

Authors: Himadri Vegad, Devid Vaghasiya, Krupal Gohil, Purvesh Ranpariya, Mehul Bhatiya, Dr. Harsh Khattar

Abstract: Ecosphere consists of an extraordinary online shop- ping platform that caters exclusively to botanical and environ- mentally conscious people. The platform acts as a marketplace, which is entirely dedicated to products related to plants, and users are enabled to shop and sell various commodities, including live plants, seeds, gardening tools, eco-friendly accessories, etc. Those who sell their products on the platform get to present them to a targeted group of the most enthusiastic buyers, whereas buyers can enjoy a selected shopping experience with the help of their own preferences and complete product reviews. Besides the marketplace, Ecosphere also offers a lively com- munity hub where users can post their gardening stories as if they were blogging. Members are free to take pictures of their plants, ruminate on their growing journeys, and share tips, ideas, etc. with others. This type of functionality brings more users to the platform and results in a higher degree of their presence, not only because of interaction but also because of contributions of common knowledge.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17249926

Local Event Finder

Authors: Prof. Arunesh Pratap Singh, Divyang Rajput, Shubham Yadav, Himanshu Jena, Meet Hadiya

Abstract: Events are vital for strengthening cultural, educational, and professional connections within communities, yet smaller gatherings often suffer from poor visibility and outdated promotion methods. Traditional approaches such as posters and scattered social media posts rarely provide real-time updates or smooth booking options, making event discovery difficult for attendees and limiting reach for organizers. To overcome these challenges, the Local Event Finder platform was developed using the MERN stack. It enables users to search for nearby events, navigate to venues, receive instant updates, and book tickets securely, while giving organizers tools to manage and promote their events effectively. Core features include geolocation-based filtering, secure payments, and real-time notifications. Built with the Agile Scrum approach, the system evolved through iterative feedback and testing. A pilot study showed a 40% rise in attendance and greater engagement compared to traditional methods. With innovations like hyper-local targeting, role-based authentication, and WebSocket-based updates, the platform demonstrates its potential to improve event visibility, streamline management, and deliver a better user experience.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17249871